Index modulation techniques represent a paradigm shift in wireless communications by embedding information not only in conventional amplitude and phase symbols but also in the selection of ...

Doing more with less in electronics often means improving power density. One of the new areas garnering attention involves applying a variety of advanced modulation techniques, including PWM and space ...

Hierarchical modulation, also known as layered modulation, is a technique that embeds multiple data streams of differing priority within a single carrier waveform. By allocating distinct amplitude and ...

A compact thermal polarization modulator using phase-change material, offering a non-mechanical approach to increase optical ...

Radio frequency (RF) refers to the part of the electromagnetic spectrum where electromagnetic waves can be generated by alternating current fed to an antenna. It spans from around 3 kHz to 300 GHz. RF ...

With our society's instantiable appetite for consuming vast amounts of data, it is no surprise that the back-end data networks must constantly evolve. Most high-throughput data networks rely on ...